HiKey(LeMaker version):快速入门
按照本快速入门指南,可以在很短的时间配置并使用Hikey。启动Hikey需要完成以下步骤。
Contents
Get what we need
MicroSD Card(Optional)
We recommend a 4GB or greater class 10 MicroSD card.
标准HDMI转HDMI或VGA线
如果没有HDMI显示器,可以使用标准HDMI转 VGA 线连接显示设备。
键盘鼠标(可选)
任何标准USB接口的键盘鼠标都可以,键盘和鼠标可能会需要较大的功率,所以可能需要使用一个USB集线器。
DC插电源适配器
12V@2A,5.5*2.1 mm直流电源适配器。
Linux PC电脑
建议在WindowsPC上安装VMware Workstation虚拟机,再在虚拟机上安装Ubuntu系统。
USB线
用于烧写系统镜像。
跳线帽
用于烧写系统镜像。
Prepare for installing OS
In order to enjoy our HiKey, we will need to install an Operating System (OS) onto the Micro SD card or the EMMC NAND Flash, we can install an Debian OS into the Micro SD card or the EMMC NAND Flash, but we only can install an Android OS onto the EMMC NAND Flash now. The instructions below will teach us how to flash an OS image to the Micro SD card or EMMC NAND Flash with the help of the Linux PC.
下载系统镜像文件
我们可以从LeMaker Hikey Resourse下载Release版本系统镜像文件,并且在https://builds.96boards.org/releases/hikey/linaro/binaries/latest/下载烧写环境工具和bootloader。
(注意:Release版本是稳定的版本,Snapshot是不稳定的版本,因此,我们应该下载Release版本的系统镜像文件。)
在烧写系统镜像之前,我们需要下面的文件:
文件类型 | Debian系统EMMC | Debian系统SD卡 | Android系统 |
---|---|---|---|
烧写环境 | hisi-idt.py l-loader.bin |
hisi-idt.py l-loader.bin |
hisi-idt.py l-loader.bin |
引导加载程序 | fip.bin ptable-linux-8g.img nvme.img |
fip.bin ptable-linux-8g.img nvme.img |
fip.bin ptable-aosp-8g.img nvme.img |
内核 | boot-fat.uefi.img | hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn.img(包括内核和文件系统) | boot_fat.uefi.img |
文件系统 | hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn-8g.emmc.img | cache.img system.img userdata-8g.img |
注意: Debian SD卡启动镜像只有一个包含了内核和文件系统的镜像文件(hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn.img) 如果是系统是从SD卡启动,Debian OS将运行EMMC中的bootloader,从SD卡的第一个分区加载kernel,并挂载SD卡的第二个分区为根文件系统。
准备软件硬件环境
第1步: 在桌面PC机上安装Ubuntu Ubuntu 14.04 LTS或Fedora。
第2步: 在桌面PC机上安fastboot工具。
I. 输入下面命令安装fastboot工具
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install android-tools-fastboot // On Debian/Ubuntu
或
sudo yum update sudo yum install android-tools // On Fedora
注意:如果安装失败,请在/etc/apt/sources.list文件中添加以下内容:
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty universe restricted main multiverse
II. 创建文件/etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules,使用超级用户权限,打开文件。
$ sudo vim /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules 或者,我们也可以用下面命令: $ sudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules
然后,添加下面的内容到文件中:
# fastboot protocol on HiKey SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="d00d", MODE="0660", GROUP="dialout" # adb protocol on HiKey SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="12d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="1057", MODE="0660", GROUP="dialout" # rndis for HiKey SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="12d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="1050", MODE="0660", GROUP="dialout"
第3步:连接跳线帽1和2,通过microUSB线连接Linux PC和Hikey,再接通电源。准备Hikey烧录。
请参考Setting_Jumper了解它们是如何工作的。
第4步: 配置烧录环境
I. 下载系统镜像文件并解压后,我们需要下列这些文件并复制到Linux PC。
hisi-idt.py l-loader.bin
II. 检查Hikey是否被Linux PC识别。通过执行ls /dev/ttyUSB*命令,如果出现/dev/ttyUSB0节点则被识别,否则没有被识别。
ls /dev/ttyUSB* /dev/ttyUSB0
III. 进入下载文件当前目录下,执行下列命令准备fastboot烧写环境。
sudo apt-get install python2.7 python2.7-dev alias python=python2.7 sudo python hisi-idt.py -d /dev/ttyUSB0 --img1=l-loader.bin
如果运行成功,将会打印出下面的消息:
+----------------------+ Serial: /dev/ttyUSB0 Image1: l-loader.bin Image2: +----------------------+ Sending l-loader.bin ... Done
Install Debian OS
HiKey boot sequence and condition on Debian:
EMMC boot: if we don’t insert an SD card which already had the Debian OS, HiKey will boot from EMMC.
SD boot: if we insert an SD card which already had Debian OS, HiKey will boot from SD card.
SD卡与EMMC烧录差异在于烧录文件系统镜像
烧写EMMC | sudo fastboot flash system hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn-8g.emmc.img |
烧写SD卡 | sudo dd if=hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn.img of=/dev/sdb bs=4M oflag=sync status=noxfer |
EMMC启动烧录
第1步: 烧录Bootloader。(一般情况下,Hikey已经预装了Bootloader,所以不用安装)。
I.下载系统镜像文件并解压后,我们需要下列这些文件并复制到Linux PC:
fip.bin ptable-linux-8g.img nvme.img
II.执行sudo fastboot devices命令,检查Hikey是否被Linux PC识别。如果出现“0123456789abcdef fastboot”则被识别。(有时需要多尝试几次)
sudo fastboot devices
0123456789abcdef fastboot
III.执行下列命令烧写镜像文件
sudo fastboot flash ptable ptable-linux-8g.img sudo fastboot flash fastboot fip.bin sudo fastboot flash nvme nvme.img
如果烧写成功,将会打印下面的信息
sudo fastboot flash ptable ptable-linux-8g.img target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending 'ptable' (17 KB)... OKAY [ 0.008s] writing 'ptable'... OKAY [ 0.006s] finished. total time: 0.014s sudo fastboot flash fastboot fip.bin target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending 'fastboot' (1389 KB)... OKAY [ 0.172s] writing 'fastboot'... OKAY [ 0.066s] finished. total time: 0.239s sudo fastboot flash nvme nvme.img target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending 'nvme' (128 KB)... OKAY [ 0.015s] writing 'nvme'... OKAY [ 0.009s] finished. total time: 0.024s
第2步: 烧写内核镜像
I. 下载系统镜像文件并解压后,我们需要下列这些文件并复制到Linux PC。
boot-fat.uefi.img
II. 执行sudo fastboot devices命令,检查Hikey是否被Linux PC识别。如果出现“0123456789abcdef fastboot”则被识别。(有时需要多尝试几次)
sudo fastboot devices
0123456789abcdef fastboot
III.执行下面命令烧录系统镜像文件。
sudo fastboot flash boot boot-fat.uefi.img
如果运行成功,将会打印下面的信息:
sudo fastboot flash boot boot-fat.uefi.img target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending 'boot' (65536 KB)... OKAY [ 8.560s] writing 'boot'... OKAY [ 3.007s] finished. total time: 11.577s
第3步:烧写文件系统到EMMC
I. 下载系统镜像文件并解压后,我们需要下列这些文件并复制到Linux PC:
hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn-8g.emmc.img (for 8G board)
II. 执行sudo fastboot devices命令,检查Hikey是否被Linux PC识别。如果出现“0123456789abcdef fastboot”则被识别。(有时需要多尝试几次)
sudo fastboot devices
0123456789abcdef fastboot
III. 执行下面命令烧录文件系统镜像文件。
sudo fastboot flash system hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn-8g.emmc.img
如果运行成功,将打印下面的信息:
sudo fastboot flash system hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn-8g.emmc.img target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending sparse 'system' (260454 KB)... OKAY [ 38.809s] writing 'system'... OKAY [ 15.000s] sending sparse 'system' (260459 KB)... OKAY [ 44.258s] writing 'system'... OKAY [ 17.645s] sending sparse 'system' (260424 KB)... OKAY [ 35.242s] writing 'system'... OKAY [ 13.537s] sending sparse 'system' (260492 KB)... OKAY [ 53.653s] writing 'system'... OKAY [ 21.689s] sending sparse 'system' (258533 KB)... OKAY [ 75.170s] writing 'system'... OKAY [ 29.901s] sending sparse 'system' (262083 KB)... OKAY [ 66.641s] writing 'system'... OKAY [ 26.263s] sending sparse 'system' (200149 KB)... OKAY [ 88.677s] writing 'system'... OKAY [ 33.593s] finished. total time: 560.080s
这时Hikey系统烧录完成,拔掉跳线帽2,通过HDMI连接显示屏,重新拔插电源即可从EMMC启动系统,进入Debian系统。
Flashing SD Card
We have two methods to flash SD Card.
在Ubuntu下烧录SD卡
步骤1和烧写EMMC完全一致,因为我们必须将bootloader安装到EMMC上,我仅需将内核和文件系统烧写到SD卡中。
第1步: 烧写bootloader和烧写EMMC过程一样。(一般情况下,Hikey已经预装了Bootloader,所以不用安装)
第2步: 烧写文件系统到SD卡。
I. 格式化SD卡。
II. 下载系统镜像文件并解压后,我们需要下列这些文件并复制到Linux PC:
hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn.img
III.将SD卡插入Linux PC中,使用sudo fdisk命令查看SD卡的设备节点。如/dev/sdb,/dev/sdc。如果SD卡被挂载,使用mount命令也可以查看。
sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders, total 41943040 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00023435 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 39845887 19921920 83 Linux /dev/sda2 39847934 41940991 1046529 5 Extended /dev/sda5 39847936 41940991 1046528 82 Linux swap / Solaris WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 7948 MB, 7948206080 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 966 cylinders, total 15523840 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 7167999 3583999+ ee GPT
IV. 执行下面命令烧录系统镜像文件。(当SD卡设备节点为/dev/sdb时,如果是其他节点,替换即可)
sudo dd if= hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn.img of=/dev/sdb bs=4M oflag=sync status=noxfer
如果运行成功,将打印下面的信息:
sudo dd if= hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn.img of=/dev/sdb bs=4M oflag=sync status=noxfer 512+0 records in 512-0 records out
这时系统镜像已经烧录到SD卡中。可以从Linux PC中拔出SD卡。拔掉跳线帽2,SD卡插入到Hikey,通过HDMI连接显示屏,重新拔插电源即可从SD卡启动系统,进入Debian系统。
Flashing SD Card on Windows
The step 1 for flashing SD card are the same as flashing EMMC . Because we must install the bootloader into the EMMC, we just need to flash the kernel and file system into the SD card.
第1步: 烧写bootloader和烧写EMMC过程一样。(一般情况下,Hikey已经预装了Bootloader,所以不用安装)。
第2步: 烧写文件系统到SD卡。
I. 格式化SD卡。
下载并安装SDFormatter工具SDFormatter。在"Options"菜单中,设置 "FORMAT TYPE"选项为 QUICK, "FORMAT SIZE ADJUSTMENT"选项为"ON". 然后点击“OK”完成选项设置,点击“Format”按钮格式化SD卡。
II. 下载系统镜像文件并解压后,我们需要下列这些文件并复制到Windows PC。
hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn.img
III. 复制hikey-jessie_alip_2015MMDD-nnn.img到PC机。
IV. 烧写系统镜像到MicroSD卡。
下载安装Win32DiskImage ,这个工具可以把系统镜像写入SD卡中。选择SD卡启动的镜像,选择“write”,等待片刻系统镜像将写入SD卡。
这时系统镜像已经烧录到SD卡中。可以从Windows PC中拔出SD卡。拔掉跳线帽2,SD卡插入到Hikey,通过HDMI连接显示屏,重新拔插电源即可从SD卡启动系统,进入Debian系统。
Install Android OS
(We suggest to refer to https://source.android.com/source/devices.html to run Android on HiKey.)
Flashing EMMC
Step 1: Flashing bootloader.
I. After we downloading the OS image file and extracting it,we need to use the following files and copy them to Linux PC:
fip.bin ptable-aosp-8g.img nvme.img
II. Power on the HiKey board and verify communications from the Linux PC, run the command “sudo fastboot devices”. if show “0123456789abcdef fastboot”, it will be OK.
sudo fastboot devices
0123456789abcdef fastboot
III. The following fastboot commands then load the partition table, the bootloaders and other necessary files into the HiKey EMMC flash memory.
sudo fastboot flash ptable ptable-aosp-8g.img sudo fastboot flash fastboot fip.bin sudo fastboot flash nvme nvme.img
It will displays the fllowing caption on your Ubuntu,if you execute the above command successfully.
sudo fastboot flash ptable ptable-aosp-8g.img target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending 'ptable' (17 KB)... OKAY [ 0.009s] writing 'ptable'... OKAY [ 0.007s] finished. total time: 0.016s sudo fastboot flash fastboot fip.bin target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending 'fastboot' (1389 KB)... OKAY [ 0.183s] writing 'fastboot'... OKAY [ 0.065s] finished. total time: 0.248s sudo fastboot flash nvme nvme.img target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending 'nvme' (128 KB)... OKAY [ 0.023s] writing 'nvme'... OKAY [ 0.010s] finished. total time: 0.033s
第2步: 烧录系统内核镜像
I. 下载系统镜像文件并解压后,我们需要下列这些文件并复制到Linux PC:
boot-fat.uefi.img
II. 执行sudo fastboot devices命令,检查Hikey是否被Linux PC识别。如果出现“0123456789abcdef fastboot”则被识别。(有时需要多尝试几次)
sudo fastboot devices
0123456789abcdef fastboot
III. 执行下面命令烧写内核镜像
sudo fastboot flash boot boot_fat.uefi.img target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending 'boot' (49152 KB)... OKAY [ 6.308s] writing 'boot'... OKAY [ 2.204s] finished. total time: 8.512s
第3步: 烧写系统文件
I. 下载系统镜像文件并解压后,我们需要下列这些文件并复制到Linux PC:
cache.img system.img userdata-8g.img (for 8G board)
II. 执行sudo fastboot devices命令,检查Hikey是否被Linux PC识别。如果出现“0123456789abcdef fastboot”则被识别。(有时需要多尝试几次)
sudo fastboot devices
0123456789abcdef fastboot
III. 执行下面的命令烧写系统镜像
sudo fastboot flash cache cache.img target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending 'cache' (6248 KB)... OKAY [ 0.795s] writing 'cache'... OKAY [ 0.295s] finished. total time: 1.090s sudo fastboot flash system system.img target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending sparse 'system' (262132 KB)... OKAY [ 36.623s] writing 'system'... OKAY [ 12.683s] sending sparse 'system' (258624 KB)... OKAY [ 34.501s] writing 'system'... OKAY [ 12.081s] sending sparse 'system' (257367 KB)... OKAY [ 34.143s] writing 'system'... OKAY [ 12.336s] finished. total time: 142.366s sudo fastboot flash userdata userdata-8g.img target reported max download size of 268435456 bytes sending 'userdata' (90185 KB)... OKAY [ 11.334s] writing 'userdata'... OKAY [ 4.100s] finished. total time: 15.434s
这时系统镜像已经烧录到EMMC卡中。拔掉跳线帽2,通过HDMI连接显示屏,重新拔插电源即可从EMMC卡启动系统,进入Android系统。
安装Snappy Ubuntu Core
我们可以从这里下载系统镜像文件:http://www.lemaker.org/product-hikey-download-54.html
烧写镜像到SD卡
第1步: 烧写bootloader.
下载系统镜像后,解压压缩包。我们需要用到下面的文件:
ptable-linux.img fip.bin nvme.img
使用下面命令烧写分区表、bootloaders和其它必要的文件到HiKey EMMC Flash:
sudo fastboot flash ptable ptable-linux.img sudo fastboot flash fastboot fip.bin sudo fastboot flash nvme nvme.img
第2步: 烧写writable.
在我们烧写writabe之前, 我先要复位一下HiKey.
然后执行下面命令烧写writable:
sudo ./hisi-idt.py -d /dev/ttyUSB0 --img1=l-loader.bin sudo fastboot flash writable writable.img
第3步: 烧写系统镜像
执行下面命令烧写系统镜像到SD卡:
sudo dd if=hikey-snappy.img of=/dev/sdc bs=32M sync
最后,将烧写好系统镜像的SD卡插入SD卡插槽,启动HiKey。
Shut down HiKey
We can use the GUI to shut down the Hikey safely. Also we can run the command in the terminal to shut down the HIkey:
sudo halt
or execute the below command to instead the above command
sudo shutdown –h now.